Navigating High Functioning Autism: A Guide for Parents

Parenting is a journey filled with joy, challenges, and moments of learning. When a child is diagnosed with high-functioning autism, this journey may take unexpected turns, but it can still be incredibly rewarding. High functioning autism, often referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is characterized by challenges in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviours. In this guide, we’ll explore what high-functioning autism entails and offer insights for parents on how to support their child’s development and well-being.

Understanding High Functioning Autism:

High functioning autism is a term used to describe individuals on the autism spectrum who have average or above average cognitive abilities. These individuals often exhibit fewer severe language and intellectual impairments compared to those with lower-functioning autism. However, assuming things about the lives and skills of others is not a good idea. It's likely that you will be mistaken. Additionally, you might unintentionally cause issues or damage someone's feelings.

The terminology we use to talk about neurodiversity evolves along with our understanding of it. Descriptors like "high-functioning" should become obsolete, according to many autistic campaigners today. We need a brief medical history lesson to comprehend why. However, they still face challenges in various aspects of social interaction, communication, and sensory processing.

1. Early Diagnosis and Intervention:

Early intervention is crucial for children with high-functioning autism. If you suspect your child might be on the autism spectrum, seeking a professional evaluation is essential. Early diagnosis allows for tailored interventions that can positively impact your child’s development and long-term outcomes.

2. Individualized Support:

Every child with high functioning autism is unique, and their strengths and challenges will vary. Creating an individualized support plan, in collaboration with educators, therapists, and medical professionals, is essential. This plan might include speech therapy, occupational therapy, behavioural interventions, and educational accommodations that cater to your child’s specific needs.

3. Social Communication:

Children with high functioning autism might struggle with understanding social cues, engaging in reciprocal conversations, and making and maintaining friendships. As parents, you can help by teaching explicit social skills through role-playing, social stories, and visual supports. Encourage your child to practice social interactions in controlled settings to build confidence.

4. Sensory Sensitivities:

Many individuals with high functioning autism experience sensory sensitivities, where certain sounds, textures, or lights can be overwhelming. Pay attention to your child’s sensory preferences and aversions. Create a sensory-friendly environment at home and advocate for similar accommodations in school settings to help them feel more comfortable and regulated.

5. Routines and Predictability:

Routine and predictability can provide a sense of security for children with high functioning autism. Establish consistent daily routines and use visual schedules to help your child understand what to expect. Transitions between activities can be challenging, so provide advance notice and support during these times.

6. Special Interests:

Many children with high functioning autism develop intense interests in specific subjects or activities. These interests can serve as a source of motivation and comfort. Embrace and encourage your child’s passions, as they can be valuable tools for learning and social interaction.

7. Communication Strategies:

If your child has challenges with verbal communication, consider augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems, such as picture boards or electronic devices. These tools can help them express their thoughts and needs effectively.

8. Building Independence:

As your child grows, fostering independence becomes essential. Teach them life skills, such as self-care routines, money management, and grocery shopping. Gradually increase their responsibilities, while providing guidance and support as needed.

9. Addressing Anxiety:

Anxiety is common among individuals with high functioning autism due to social and sensory challenges. Teach your child relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or mindfulness, to help manage anxiety. Create a safe space where they can retreat when feeling overwhelmed.

10. Advocating for Inclusion:

Advocate for your child’s inclusion in mainstream educational settings whenever possible. Work with educators to develop an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) that addresses their specific needs while promoting social integration and academic growth.

11. Celebrating Progress:

Celebrate even the smallest victories. Recognize and praise your child’s efforts and accomplishments. Positive reinforcement can boost their self-esteem and motivation to continue learning and growing.

12. Self-Care for Parents:

Parenting a child with high functioning autism can be demanding. Prioritize self-care and seek support from friends, family, support groups, and professionals. Taking care of your well-being enables you to provide the best support for your child.

What to say in its place

The world is moving away from describing autistic people with labels like "high- and low-functioning" for a variety of reasons. However, what other options are there? How can you be certain that you're speaking about someone else's or your own talents and disabilities in a courteous and accurate manner?

The following are some helpful guidelines:

Think about why it is important:

In certain situations, such as when organizing a trip or meeting with the team responsible for your child's Individualized Education Plan (IEP), it is crucial to explain functional abilities. However, those details are superfluous the rest of the time.

Be precise:

When discussing someone's functioning skills, accuracy is crucial. Give a thorough explanation of the things they can perform on their own and the areas in which they need more assistance.

Question the individual:

You should never assume you know someone's identity, their abilities and limitations, or the kind of support they require. Ask them directly instead. Before depending on a guardian, try writing, visual aids, and Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices with a nonspeaking person.

Make use of the clinical terminology:

There is no precise definition for the term "high-functioning." Since the DSM-5 defines medical terminology, Dr. Wong prefers to utilize it. Instead, she tries to teach parents to refer to their children as having "level one autism."

Some famous high-functioning autistic individuals who have made significant contributions in various fields:

Temple Grandin:

Renowned for her work in animal behaviour and welfare, Temple Grandin is an advocate for autism awareness and an accomplished author. Diagnosed with autism at a young age, Grandin’s unique perspective and insights have revolutionized the livestock industry by designing more humane and efficient systems for handling animals. Her life story has been an inspiration to many, highlighting the importance of embracing neurodiversity.

Daryl Hannah:

The acclaimed actress Daryl Hannah has achieved recognition for her roles in movies such as “Blade Runner” and “Splash.” Despite struggling with social interactions, she has used her platform to raise awareness about autism and advocate for environmental causes, demonstrating that individuals with autism can excel in creative and influential fields.

Dan Aykroyd:

Known for his comedic brilliance as a Saturday Night Live alum and star of movies like “Ghostbusters,” Dan Aykroyd is an example of an individual who has harnessed his creativity and unique perspective to succeed in the entertainment industry. Aykroyd has openly discussed his diagnosis of Asperger’s syndrome, contributing to public awareness and understanding of autism.

Hikari Oe:

A celebrated Japanese composer and author, Hikari Oe was diagnosed with autism as a child. Despite facing challenges in communication and social interactions, he has demonstrated a profound gift for music composition. His compositions have earned critical acclaim and have been performed by renowned orchestras worldwide, highlighting the incredible talents that can emerge from individuals with autism.

Susan Boyle:

Susan Boyle captured hearts globally with her stunning vocal performance on “Britain’s Got Talent.” Diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome, Boyle’s journey from humble beginnings to international recognition showcases the power of pursuing one’s passions and breaking down stereotypes associated with autism.

Ethan Walmark:

A young musical prodigy, Ethan Walmark gained attention for his extraordinary piano skills. Diagnosed with autism at a young age, Ethan’s ability to play complex pieces by ear demonstrates the incredible potential of individuals with autism to excel in areas of their interest and passion.

John Elder Robison:

An accomplished author and advocate, John Elder Robison has shared his experiences as a person with Asperger’s syndrome through his books and public speaking engagements. He provides valuable insights into the challenges and strengths associated with autism, promoting understanding and acceptance.

Heather Kuzmich:

Known for her participation in the reality TV show “America’s Next Top Model,” Heather Kuzmich used the platform to raise awareness about Asperger’s syndrome. Her journey on the show shed light on the unique perspectives and talents that individuals with autism can bring to various domains.

These individuals, among others, have not only achieved recognition in their respective fields but have also contributed to raising awareness and understanding of high functioning autism. Their stories emphasize the importance of recognizing and celebrating neurodiversity while showcasing the remarkable achievements that can emerge from embracing individual differences.

In conclusion

Parenting a child with high functioning autism comes with its unique challenges and rewards. By understanding your child’s individual needs, providing tailored support, and fostering a loving and accepting environment, you can help your child navigate the world with confidence and reach their full potential. Remember, you are not alone on this journey, and there are resources and communities available to offer guidance and support every step of the way.